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Functionalization of polyolefins by grafting
Paulenka, Igor ; Petruš, Josef (referee) ; Petrůj, Jaroslav (advisor)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the funcionalization of polyolefins in order to accelerate their degradation and to increase their carbon content from renewable resources with focus on hydroxyacids. The experimental part is focused on preparing samples and studying the properties of the polypropylene and polyethylene blends with the polylactide with different contents of the initiator and the maleic anhydride. Samples were evaluated by determining the degree of conversion maleic anhydride, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, melt flow index and mechanical properties.
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Zapojení podniků v ČR do evropského podnikání v rámci bioekonomiky
SAGAPOVA, Nikola
The dissertation deals with the mapping of the potential for the involvement of enterprises in the Czech Republic in European bioeconomy, specifically in the bioplastics sector, which is currently a dynamically developing industry. The focus is on the factors and contexts that influence the possibility of entering this sector, which arise from the internal and external conditions of firms. The research relies on a combination of methods and provides both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The methods used include literature search, scientometric analysis, neural networks, correlation analysis, market situation analysis, mapping, case studies and questionnaire surveys. Through these methods, the thesis provides a comprehensive picture and broader context of the current situation of the bioplastics industry.
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Možnosti zpracování bioplastů
Dymchenko, Alan
This diploma thesis is focused on the issues relating to bioplastics and the possibilities of its processing. The first part of the diploma thesis deals with the issue of plastic packaging. Description of the history of plastic formation, plastics production and characteristics of bioplastics. It answers questions – what plastic is and why we need to degrade it. Classification of the most widespread in the use of bioplastics. Statistics on the production of bioplastics. Possibilities of processing of bioplastics. Factors that affect the decomposition of bioplastics. The second part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to laboratory tests, methodology of execution and analysis of laboratory results. It also describes the realization of self-attempted composting of bioplastics in domestic conditions.
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Hodnocení rozkladu biologicky rozložitelných plastů v podmínkách domácího kompostování
Partlová, Zuzana
This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of decomposition of biodegradable plastics in the conditions of domestic composting. It describes the waste management general characteristics and basic legislation. It deals with the general characteristics of plastics, focusing on biodegradable plastics and their standards. The characteristics of the composting process and phytotoxicity issues are also presented. The practical part of the diploma thesis contains the description of realization composting experiment at domestic conditions with selected samples and monitoring the experimental process. The following parameters were measured: temperature, humidity, pH of compost and meteorological data. Further, the calculation of the decay degree of the test samples and the determination of phytotoxicity by the Phytotoxkit in the composts produced during the experiment.
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Functionalization of polyolefins by grafting
Paulenka, Igor ; Petruš, Josef (referee) ; Petrůj, Jaroslav (advisor)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the funcionalization of polyolefins in order to accelerate their degradation and to increase their carbon content from renewable resources with focus on hydroxyacids. The experimental part is focused on preparing samples and studying the properties of the polypropylene and polyethylene blends with the polylactide with different contents of the initiator and the maleic anhydride. Samples were evaluated by determining the degree of conversion maleic anhydride, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, melt flow index and mechanical properties.
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Analýza biodegradability plastových materiálů v laboratorních a reálných podmínkách kompostování
Zloch, Jan
This thesis is focused on biodegradable or compostable plastics. Focuses on their pro-perties and uses. The work also clarifies the concept of biodegradable and compostable plastic. The work also describes the process of composting and concepts associated with it. Finally, there are several chapters devoted to the normative environment that relates to biodegradable plastics in the thesis. There are connected researches concerning the verification of the degree of degra-dation of plastics known as compostable, biodegradable and 100% compostable, in the last few chapters. There were conducted simultaneously two experiments of disintegration selected samples of biodegradable plastics. The tests of disintegration in the laboratory and in real conditions of composting were founded in March 2014 for a period of three months. There was founded a phytotoxicity test after the expiry of the time allotted in the laboratory. In a real conditions the study time was increased to 12 months. After evaluating and comparing the results of both tests disintegration may be allowed the use of biodegradable plastics in composting under controlled condi-tions. Conversely, in real conditions of home composting these plastics can not be re-commended, does not decompose.
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Bioplastics and their use on market
DĚDEK, Zdeněk
Since the industrial revolution the rise of the global economy depends on using more amounts of fossil fuels. Currently oil is the leading feedstock for the production of various kinds of plastic products, from packaging materials to machine parts. However, even this advanced technology, such as plastic, awarded several Nobel prizes, has its drawbacks. The big disadvantage is their very slow degradation (tens to thousands of years), thereby the accumulation of waste is increasing. Another disadvantage is its production from non-renewable materials (oil). Therefore, the developed economies, including the European Union (EU), are trying to find new alternatives to conventional plastics using biotechnology manufacturers to called bioplastics, which are made from renewable materials. This thesis deals with the use of bioplastics in the market. Using the questionnaires is creating survey of market among producers of bioplastics and consumers, combined with a personal interview with the promoters of bioplastics. Results processed by this methodology showed that the biggest factor, which influence the promotion of bioplastics, is too high price. This is the main reason why the public is so little informed about them. If the price of production decreases, promotion and use of bioplastics will be probably to increase.
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Bioplastic bottles as an alternative to the bottles made of standard plastics
Pozníček, David ; Mejdrech, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Barton, Monika (referee)
The objective of the Bachelor's Thesis is to examine the feasibility of a specific project of production and distribution of bioplastic bottles. The purpose of this Thesis is also its support. In this paper is also outlined the future of bioplastic bottles as an alternative to the bottles made of standard plastics and there is comparison with the current product range of competition. It contains also a list of advantages and disadvantages of this material, including mapping of environmental impacts. It also includes a market survey regarding drinking habits of population in the Czech Republic. Then determine the ideal parameters of the bottle based on the conclusions of this survey and recommended those in the management of the project.
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